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. 2025 Jul 17;26(14):6853. doi: 10.3390/ijms26146853
4E-BP1 Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1
53BP1 p53-binding protein 1
A2aR Adenosine A2a receptor
AKT Protein kinase B
ANXA6 Annexin A6
APLNR Apelin receptor
ATG5 Autophagy-related gene 5
ATM Ataxia telangiectasia mutated
ATR Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related
BABAM1 BRISC and BRCA1-A complex member 1
BAD Bcl-2-associated agonist of cell death
Bax Bcl-2-associated X protein
Bcl-2 B-cell lymphoma 2
C2orf40 Chromosome 2 open reading frame 40
CALD1 Caldesmon 1
CD44 Cluster of differentiation 44
CDK1 Cyclin-dependent kinase 1
Chk2 Checkpoint kinase 2
c-Jun Cellular Jun proto-oncogene
CRC Colorectal cancer
CSCs Cancer stem cells
DDRs DNA damage responses
DEPTOR DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein
DNA-PKcs DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit
DSBs DNA double-strand breaks
EMT Epithelial–mesenchymal transition
EpCAM Epithelial cell adhesion molecule
ESCC Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
FA Fanconi anemia
FAM135B Family with sequence similarity 135, member B
FANCD2 Fanconi anemia complementation group D2
FOXO1 Forkhead Box O1
GBM Glioblastoma
Glut-1 Glucose transporter 1
GSK-3β Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta
GβL G-protein β-subunit-like protein
HIF-1α Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha
HNSCC Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
HR Homologous recombination
Hsp90 Heat shock protein 90
IMRT Intensity-modulated radiotherapy
LC3-II Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 II
MDSC Myeloid-derived suppressor cell
mLST8 Mammalian lethal with SEC13 protein 8
MRN MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 complex
mTOR Mammalian target of rapamycin
Nbs1 Nijmegen breakage syndrome 1 protein
NEDD8 Neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally downregulated 8
NHEJ Non-homologous end joining
NPC Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
NSCLC Non-small-cell lung cancer
OCT-4 Octamer-binding transcription factor 4
OS Overall survival
P62 Sequestosome-1
PARP1 Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase 1
PCNA Proliferating cell nuclear antigen
PDK1 Phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1
PFS Progression-free survival
PI3K Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase
PRAS40 Proline-rich AKT substrate of 40 kDa
PTEN Phosphatase and tensin homolog
RAPTOR Regulatory-associated protein of mTOR
Rad51 RAD51 recombinase
Rb Retinoblastoma protein
RCC Renal cell carcinoma
RFC1 Replication factor C subunit 1
RNR Phosphorylates ribonucleotide reductase
ROS Reactive oxygen species
S2056 Serine 2056
S6K Sibosomal protein S6 kinase
SBRT Stereotactic body radiotherapy
SCLC Small-cell lung cancer
SIN1 Stress-activated protein kinase-interacting protein 1
SIRT6 Sirtuin 6
SLC7A5 Solute carrier family 7 member A5
SMA Smooth muscle actin
SOX2 SRY-box transcription factor 2
SSBs Single-strand breaks
TAMs Tumor-associated macrophages
TEH Tenacissoside H
VEGF Vascular endothelial growth factor