2D	Two-dimensional
3D	Three-dimensional
3C	Chromosome conformation capture
ACK	Ancestral Crucifer Karyotype
AI	Artificial intelligence
APK	Ancestral Phaseoleae Karyotype
arabidopsis	Arabidopsis thaliana
BAC	Bacterial artificial chromosome
Brachypodium	Brachypodium distachyon
Cas	CRISPR-associated protein
CCP	Comparative chromosome painting
CENH3	Centromeric histone H3 variant
ChIA-PET	Chromatin interaction analysis by paired-end tag sequencing
CP	Chromosome painting
CR	Chromosome rearrangement
CRISPR	Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats
CT	Chromosome territory
CWR	Crop wild relative
dCas	Nuclease-deficient (‘dead’) CRISPR-associated protein
EdU	5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine
FISH	Fluorescence in situ hybridisation
FITC	Fluorescein isothiocyanate
gDNA	Total genomic DNA
GISH	Genomic in situ hybridisation
Hi-C	High-throughput chromatin conformation capture
HiChIP	In situ Hi-C followed by chromatin immunoprecipitation
HVTEM	High-voltage transmission electron microscopy
ISH	In situ hybridisation
LTR	Long terminal repeat
MY	Million years
ND	Nucleolar dominance
Oligo-FISH	Oligonucleotide fluorescence in situ hybridisation
rDNA	Ribosomal DNA
REXdb	Database of retrotransposon protein domains
rRNA	Ribosomal RNA
SEM	Scanning electron microscopy
SIM	Structured illumination microscopy
TEM	Transmission electron microscopy
Topo	Topoisomerase
UHVTEM	Ultra-high-voltage transmission electron microscopy
WT	Wild type