Table 3.
Subsequent procedures and systemic therapy received in any sequence post-index during the follow-up period.
| Procedures and systemic therapy | Patients who underwent ablation only at index (n = 385) |
Patients who underwent resection only at index (n = 242) |
Total patients (N = 649)a |
|---|---|---|---|
| Received subsequent procedure, n (%)b | |||
| Any embolization | 114 (29.6) | 29 (12.0) | 147 (22.7) |
| TAE | 43 (11.2) | 14 (5.8) | 59 (9.1) |
| TACE | 42 (10.9) | 8 (3.3) | 53 (8.2) |
| TARE | 47 (12.2) | 17 (7.0) | 67 (10.3) |
| Any ablation | 88 (22.9) | 8 (3.3) | 101 (15.6) |
| Any liver transplant | 47 (12.2) | 18 (7.4) | 67 (10.3) |
| Any radiation (SBRT or EBRT) | 17 (4.4) | 21 (8.7) | 41 (6.3) |
| Any hepatic resection | 5 (1.3) | NA | NA |
| Received subsequent systemic therapy, n (%)b | |||
| Any TKI | 30 (7.8) | 21 (8.7) | 56 (8.6) |
| Sorafenib | 21 (5.5) | 10 (4.1) | 34 (5.2) |
| Lenvatinib | 11 (2.9) | 8 (3.3) | 22 (3.4) |
| Regorafenib | NA | NA | NA |
| Cabozantinib | NA | NA | NA |
| Any ICI | 25 (6.5) | 21 (8.7) | 48 (7.4) |
| Nivolumab | 14 (3.6) | 12 (5.0) | 28 (4.3) |
| Atezolizumab | 10 (2.6) | 11 (4.6) | 21 (3.2) |
| Pembrolizumab | NA | NA | NA |
| Ipilimumab | NA | NA | NA |
| Any angiogenesis inhibitor | 15 (3.9) | 14 (5.8) | 30 (4.6) |
| Bevacizumab | 13 (3.4) | 14 (5.8) | 28 (4.3) |
| Ramucirumab | NA | NA | NA |
Subsequent procedures included embolization (TAE, TACE, or TARE), liver transplant, hepatic resection, ablation, and radiation (SBRT and EBRT). Subsequent systemic therapies included TKIs (cabozantinib, lenvatinib, regorafenib, and sorafenib), ICIs (atezolizumab, ipilimumab, nivolumab, and pembrolizumab), or angiogenesis inhibitors (bevacizumab and ramucirumab). NA, data are not presented in order to preserve patient identity due to low patient numbers (≤5).
A total of 22 patients underwent both ablation and resection at index and are included in the “Total patients” cohort only.
Patients may have received more than one procedure or therapy.
EBRT: External beam radiation therapy; ICI: Immune checkpoint inhibitor; NA: Not available; SBRT: Stereotactic body radiation therapy; TAE: Transarterial embolization; TACE: Transarterial chemoembolization; TARE: Transarterial radioembolization; TKI: Tyrosine kinase inhibitor.