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. 2025 Jul 25;27:e66128. doi: 10.2196/66128

Table 3. Comparison of baseline and follow-up survey responses who self-reported avoiding specific chemicals on ingredient labels.

Chemical Baseline (N=255), n (%) Follow-up (N=101), n (%) P valuea
Paraben 39 (15.3) 33 (32.7) <.001
BPAb 38 (14.9) 25 (24.8) .03
PFASc 9 (3.5) 17 (16.8) <.001
Fragrance 5 (2.0) 6 (5.9) .08
a

Fisher exact test.

b

BPA: bisphenol A.

c

PFAS: per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance.