Figure 4.

Thalamocortical model of fast and low-frequency rhythm synchronization. A near midsagittal view of the cortical mantle is shown as the outermost white trace whereas the outer boundary of the thalamus, also in white, is shown near the center of the figure. The RE is also shown within the thalamus. Spatially specific excitatory neurons, shown in yellow, subserve fast rhythm synchronization and make monosynaptic connections via the body of the thalamus. The remaining circuitry subserves low-frequency rhythm synchronization. Spatially widespread excitatory corticothalamic (CT) afferents, shown as red arrows, project to RE. Thick blue arrows indicate inhibitory afferents from RE to TC neurons. Spatially widespread excitatory TC neurons, shown as magenta arrows, project to cerebral cortex and activate fast-spiking (FS) inhibitory cells, shown in cyan.