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. 2025 Jun 27;55(7):1579–1592. doi: 10.1007/s40279-025-02245-y
Caffeine supplementation can enhance performance but negatively affect sleep quality, creating a potential conflict.
Considering that responses to caffeine can vary interindividually, each athlete should be carefully monitored for potential benefits and detriments.
Experimentation with specific strategies prior to competition can potentially avoid negative effects.