Table 2.
The accurate fitness value for different optimization techniques for the test images.
| Image | Pepper | Camera man | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K = 2 | K = 3 | K = 4 | K = 5 | K = 2 | K = 3 | K = 4 | K = 5 | |
| GAAOA | 2862.6 | 3071.8 | 3187.3 | 3201.3 | 3661.1 | 3743.2 | 3788.1 | 3826.7 |
| EMO Lévy | 2858.5 | 3059.9 | 3145.7 | 3189.8 | 3646.6 | 3721.8 | 3778.2 | 3809.4 |
| EMO | 2857.5 | 3059.8 | 3144.8 | 3189.4 | 3646.5 | 3721 | 3777.4 | 3809.4 |
| CS | 2861.1 | 3059.9 | 3145.7 | 3189.7 | 3643.6 | 3718.7 | 3774.5 | 3805.7 |
| SCA | 2324.5 | 2550.4 | 2537.9 | 2603.8 | 3515.8 | 3680.5 | 3749.18 | 3718.18 |
| MFO | 2435.5 | 2574.7 | 2647.67 | 2669.47 | 3643.31 | 3720.25 | 3748.75 | 3758.72 |
| WOA | 2433.36 | 2493.18 | 2632.9 | 2682.01 | 3649.36 | 3690.11 | 3760.5 | 3795.86 |
| Image | Baboon | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K = 2 | K = 3 | K = 4 | K = 5 | |||||
| GAAOA | 1559.7 | 1551.6 | 1611.2 | 1642.1 | ||||
| EMO Lévy | 1558.6 | 1539.2 | 1601.4 | 1628.9 | ||||
| EMO | 1542.5 | 1532.7 | 1592.6 | 1617.2 | ||||
| CS | 1543.9 | 1539.2 | 1582.6 | 1623.6 | ||||
| SCA | 1587.5 | 1546.3 | 1562.4 | 1595.2 | ||||
| MFO | 1621.4 | 1541.2 | 1588.2 | 1610.5 | ||||
| WOA | 1632.3 | 1530.3 | 1590.1 | 1621.4 | ||||
Significant values are in bold.