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. 2025 Jul 25;20:702. doi: 10.1186/s13018-025-06058-7

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3

Schematic diagram of the protocol of humeral bone transportation followed by internal fixation at the docking site (Surgical technique 2). A Patient’s humorous with critical distal humeral defect; B A unilateral frame(Orthofix) is installed, and the proximal humeral osteotomy is carried out; C New callus generated after gradual bone transport, then the internal fixation plate is installed after the docking site connected; D, E After the bone lengthening period finished, the external frame is removed