| AIV | Avian influenza virus |
| M2e | Ectodomain of the influenza matrix protein 2 |
| NVC | Nodavirus capsid protein RNA2 |
| NVC-3xAvM2e | NVC originated from giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii carrying three Copies of M2e genes |
| DLS | Dynamic light scattering |
| LPAI | Low pathogenic AIV |
| HPAI | High pathogenic AIV |
| HA | Haemagglutinin |
| NA | Neuraminidase |
| IMAC | Immobilized metal affinity chromatography |
| VLP | Virus-like particles |