| BMI | Body mass index |
| CI | Confidence interval |
| CKD | Chronic kidney disease |
| COPD | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| CVD | Cerebrovascular disease |
| DM | Diabetes mellitus |
| HIV | Human immunodeficiency virus |
| HFNC | High flow nasal cannula |
| ICU | Intensive care unit |
| IMV | Invasive mechanical ventilation |
| MRSA | Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus |
| MSSA | Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus |
| NIMV | Noninvasive mechanical ventilation |
| PVD | Peripheral vascular disease |
| RR | Relative risks |
| RRR | Relative risk ratio |
| RRT | Renal replacement therapy |
| SOFA | Sequential Organ Failure Assessment |