Pc	Powder concentration [g/L]
V	Voltage [volts]
ρ	Density [gm/mm3]
wi and wf	Initial and final weights [gram]
MRR	Material removal rate [mm3/s]
PC	Percentage contribution [%]
TWR	Tool wear rate [mm3/s]
mm	Millimeter
nm	Nanometer
pF	Pico faraday
μm	Micrometer
μm/s	Micrometer per second
μ-EDM	Micro-electrical discharge machining
ANOVA	Analysis of variance
Adj. MS	Adjusted mean squares
CDi	Composite desirability
DOF	Degree of freedom
DI	Deionized
EDM	Electrical discharge machining
DFA	Desirability function analysis
EDX	Energy dispersive X-ray
g/L	Gram per liter
MEMS	Micro-electromechanical systems
NPMEDM	Nano-powder mixed electric discharge machine
PM μ-EDM	Powder-mixed micro-electrical discharge machining
Seq. SS	Sequential sum of squares
SEM	Scanning electron microscope