Table 2.

Association of anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs with EBV reactivation.

S. No.	Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Drugs	Role in EBV Reactivation
1.	Remdesivir	○Increases the expression of viral lytic genes—BZLF1 (immediate early gene) and BHFR1 (early gene) [27]. ○Reduces STAT3 but increases p38 MAPK phosphorylation from EBV+ lymphoma cells [28,29].
2.	Azithromycin and nafamostat mesylate	○Significantly increase viral lytic gene expression and virion production via the activation of MAPK and NF-kB signalling pathways [26].
3.	Chloroquine diphosphate	○Triggers EBV replication through phosphorylation of Kruppel-associated and Box-associated protein 1/tripartite motif-containing protein 28 (KAP1/TRIM28) in Burkitt lymphoma cells [30].
4.	Dexamethasone	○Leads to dose-dependent upregulation of immediate early gene BZLF1 mRNA expression that encodes the lytic transactivator protein ZEBRA [31].