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. 2025 Jul 14;18:1619583. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2025.1619583

Figure 3.

Bar graphs labeled A to D depict different experimental conditions and their effects on various biomarkers. Graph A shows levels of Aβ1-40, Graph B depicts Aβ1-42, Graph C presents total Aβ, and Graph D illustrates App mRNA levels. Conditions compared are control, MIA, MIA+OTX015, and OTX015. Statistical significance is indicated with asterisks: one for p < 0.05, two for p < 0.01, and three for p < 0.001. MIA generally shows higher levels compared to other conditions, with the combination of MIA+OTX015 and OTX015 alone showing reduced levels across most measures.

The effect of MIA and OTX-015 on Aβ level. PIC (20 mg/kg b.w.) was injected intraperitoneally at gestation day 17 to female mice. An inhibitor of BET proteins, OTX-015 (100 mg/kg b.w. daily), was administered orally to 12-month-old offspring males for 14 days (weeks 50–51), then animals were decapitated, and the brain tissue was collected. The levels of Aβ1-40 in the hippocampus (A) and the level of Aβ1-42 (B) were determined by using ELISA assays and normalized to the total protein level. The total level of Aβ (C) in the hippocampus was calculated by summing levels of Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42. The level of mRNA for App gene in the hippocampus (D) was measured by using qPCR and calculated by the ΔΔCt method. An averaged Ct-value from three various reference genes (Gusb, Hprt, Rn18s) was used for calculation. The presented data are means ± SEM. *, **, *** p < 0.05, p < 0.01, and p < 0.001, respectively. N = 6 (A–C) and 7 (D). Each data point (○) represents an individual animal. Statistical analyses were conducted using one-way ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni post hoc test, selected based on data distribution.