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. 2025 Jul 14;18:1619583. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2025.1619583

Figure 6.

Figure A shows microglia images from four conditions: control, MIA, MIA+OTX015, and OTX015. Figure B presents schematic representations of these microglia. Figures C to F are bar graphs comparing primary extensions, secondary extensions, cell body area, and total dendrite length under the same conditions. Figure G displays a Sholl analysis of the branching complexity of microglia for each condition. Data points and error bars are included in the graphs to indicate variance and significance levels.

The effect of MIA and OTX-015 on glial cells in the hippocampus – a quantitative analysis. PIC (20 mg/kg b.w.) was injected intraperitoneally at gestation day 17 to female mice. An inhibitor of BET proteins, OTX-015 (100 mg/kg b.w. daily), was administered orally to 12-month-old offspring males for 14 days (weeks 50–51), then animals were euthanized, and the brain tissue was analyzed. The morphometric analysis of Iba1-positive (microglial) cells in the hippocampus was performed using the NeuronJ plugin for ImageJ Fiji software. The crucial steps in the morphology analysis was converting image to an 8-bit format (A) and processes tracing using the NeuronJ plugin for Fiji (B). Representative images were shown. The morphometric analysis included the number of primary extensions (C), the number of secondary extensions (D), the cell body area (E), and the total length of dendrites (F). (G) Sholl analysis of the branching complexity of microglia in the hippocampus was performed with the SNT plugin for ImageJ Fiji. Data are presented as the mean value ± SEM. *, ** p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively, compared with the control group. N = 3. Each data point (○) represents an individual animal. The results from the individual cells that contribute to each animal’s score are shown as colored diamonds (◊), with each color representing a different animal. Statistical analyses were conducted using one-way ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni post hoc test, selected based on data distribution.