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. 2025 Jul 10;31:101839. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2025.101839

Table 2.

Summary statistics. The number of observations, mean, standard deviation, minimum, maximum and mean across the various income levels are reported providing an overview of the data distribution.

Variables




High
Upper-mid
Lower-mid
Low
N Mean SD Min Max Mean Mean Mean Mean
Life expectancy a 724 72.07 7.626 52.30 84.62 79.87 73.18 67.94 62.11
Access to information b 951 63.09 27.11 1.309 100 87.69 68.74 45.85 19.69
Industry b 1085 25.95 11.45 2.759 80.31 26.14 27.34 27.05 20.52
Subjective well-being 654 5.569 1.105 2.180 7.890 6.684 5.527 4.845 4.301
Economy scale GDP c 1095 751.9 2639 0.1093 30,340 1090 986 442 52.5
Regulatory quality 1164 −0.0308 0.992 −2.387 2.227 1.038 −0.1591 −0.6360 −0.9794

Notes:d N indicates the number of observations.

a

Denoted in years.

b

Denoted in percent.

c

Denoted in billions of USD.