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. 2025 Jul 28;15:27465. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-06715-1

Table 2.

Wilkes classification, outcomes and selection of pre-operative therapy.

CONCENTRIC NEEDLE AND CANNULA ARTHROCENTESIS – PREOPERATIVE
TMJ Right TMJ Left
Patient Wilkes clasification (image) Arthralgia (EVA-DC) Joint sound Selected and applied therapy Total number of infiltrations /therapeutic sequence Wilkes clasification Arthralgia (EVA-DC) Joint sound Selected and applied therapy Total number of infiltrations /therapeutic sequence Mouth opening measurement
1 WILKES – IV 0 Present Arthrocentesis UC − 6 WILKES – IV 0 Present Arthrocentesis UC − 6 40 mm
DDwR UC: PRF LC − 6 DDwR UC: PRF LC − 6
LC: PRF LC: PRF
2 WILKES – IV 0 Absent Arthrocentesis UC − 6 WILKES – IV 0 Absent Arthrocentesis UC − 6 44 mm
DDwR-without limited opening UC: PRF LC − 6 DDwR-without limited opening UC: PRF LC − 6
LC: PRF LC: PRF
3 WILKES – IV 0 Present Arthrocentesis LC − 6 WILKES – IV 0 Present Arthrocentesis UC − 6 48 mm
DDwR UC: VS LC − 6 DDwR UC: VS LC − 6
LC: PRF LC: PRF
4 WILKES – IV 0 Absent Arthrocentesis UC − 6 WILKES – IV 0 Absent Arthrocentesis UC − 6 40 mm
DDwR-without limited opening UC: VS LC − 6 DDwR-without limited opening UC: VS LC − 6
LC: PRF LC: PRF
5 *SF 0 Absent Arthrocentesis UC − 4 *SF 0 Absent Arthrocentesis UC − 4 45 mm
DDwR-without limited opening UC: VS LC − 4 DDwR-without limited opening UC: VS LC − 4
LC: PRF LC: PRF
6 *SF 0 Absent Arthrocentesis UC − 4 *SF 0 Absent Arthrocentesis UC − 4 38 mm
DDwR-Without limited opening UC: VS LC − 4 DDwR-without limited opening UC: VS LC − 4
LC: PRF LC: PRF
7 WILKES – IV 0 Present Arthrocentesis UC − 6 WILKES – V (**) 0 Present Arthrocentesis UC − 6 40 mm
DDwR UC: VS LC − 6 DDwR UC: VS LC − 6
LC: VS LC: VS
8 WILKES – I 0 Present Arthrocentesis UC − 4 WILKES – I 0 Present UC − 4 44 mm
DDwR UC: VS LC − 4 DDwR UC: VS LC − 4
LC: VS LC: VS
9 WILKES – III 0 Absent Arthrocentesis UC − 4 WILKES – III 0 Absent Arthrocentesis UC − 4 46 mm
DDwR-without limited opening UC: VS LC − 4 DDwR-without limited opening UC: VS LC − 4
LC: PRF LC: PRF
10 *SF 0 Present Arthrocentesis UC − 4 *SF 0 Present Arthrocentesis UC − 4 45 mm
DDwR UC: VS LC − 4 DDwR UC: VS LC − 4
LC: PRF LC: PRF
11 WILKES – IV 0 Present Arthrocentesis UC − 6 WILKES – IV 0 Present Arthrocentesis UC − 6 41 mm
DDwR UC: VS LC − 6 DDwR UC: VS LC − 6
LC: VS LC: VS
12 WILKES – IV *** 0 Absent Arthrocentesis UC − 4 WILKES – IV *** 0 Absent Arthrocentesis UC − 4 44 mm
DDwR-With limited opening UC: VS LC − 4 DDwR-With limited opening UC: VS LC − 4
LC: PRF LC: PRF
13 WILKES – V (**) 0 Absent Arthrocentesis UC − 6 WILKES – IV *** 0 Absent Arthrocentesis UC − 6 46 mm
DDwoR-without limited opening UC: PRF LC − 6 DDwoR-without limited opening UC: VS LC − 6
LC: PRF LC: VS
14 WILKES – III 0 Absent Arthrocentesis UC − 4 WILKES – III 0 Absent Arthrocentesis UC − 4 37 mm
DDSR-without limited opening UC: VS LC- 4 DDSR-without limited opening UC: VS LC − 4
LC: VS LC: VS
15 WILKES – II 0 Absent Arthrocentesis UC − 4 WILKES – II 0 Present UC − 4 46 mm
DDwR UC: VS LC -4 DDwR UC: VS LC − 4
LC: VS LC: VS
16 WILKES – III 0 Present Arthrocentesis UC − 6 WILKES – V 0 Present Arthrocentesis UC − 6 40 mm
DDwR UC: VS LC − 6 DDwR UC: VS LC − 6
LC: PRF LC: PRF
17 WILKES – III 0 Absent Arthrocentesis UC − 4 WILKES – IV 0 Absent Arthrocentesis UC − 4 41 mm
DDwoR-without limited opening UC: VS LC − 4 DDwoR-without limited opening UC: VS LC − 4
LC: VS LC: VS
18 WILKES – III 0 Present Arthrocentesis UC − 4 WILKES – III 0 Present Arthrocentesis UC − 4 43 mm
DDwR UC: VS LC − 4 DDwR UC: VS LC − 4
LC: VS LC: VS
19 WILKES – II 0 Present Arthrocentesis UC − 6 WILKES – I 0 Present Arthrocentesis UC − 6 48 mm
DDwR UC: VS LC − 6 DDwR UC: VS LC − 6
LC: VS LC: VS
20 WILKES – II 0 Absent Arthrocentesis UC − 6 WILKES – II 0 Absent Arthrocentesis UC − 6 46 mm
DDwoR-without limited opening UC: VS LC − 6 DDwoR-without limited opening UC: VS LC- 6
LC: VS LC: VS
21 *SF 0 Absent Arthrocentesis UC − 6 *SF 0 Absent Arthrocentesis UC − 6 43 mm
DDwoR-without limited opening UC: VS LC − 6 DDwoR-without limited opening UC: VS LC- 6
LC: PRF LC: PRF
22 WILKES – V 0 Absent Arthrocentesis UC − 4 WILKES – IV 0 Absent Arthrocentesis UC − 4 36 mm
DDwoR-without limited opening UC: VS LC − 4 DDwoR-without limited opening UC: VS LC − 4
LC: VS LC: VS

UC upper compartment, LC lower compartment, VS viscosupplementation, PRF plasma rich in fibrin, DDwR disk displacement with reduction, DDWoR disk displacement without reduction.