Table 2.

Interobserver reliability between 2 observers for the following clinical back examination parameters: scores for superficial muscle palpation and deep bilateral muscle palpation, visual scores for superficial musculature of the withers, thoracic, lumbar and whole superficial epaxial musculature

Parameter	Cohen’s kappa [95% CI]
Muscle palpation left	0.45 [0.13–0.78]
Muscle palpation right	0.85 [0.66–1.00]
Deep bilateral muscle palpation	0.81 [0.66–0.95]
Visual score of the withers	0.87 [0.78–0.96]
Visual score of thoracic musculature	0.75 [0.59–0.92]
Visual score of lumbar musculature	0.79 [0.57–1.00]
Whole epaxial musculature	0.86 [0.73–0.98]

CI confidence interval