Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of T2DM with and without MCI
| Parameters | T2DM without MCI (n = 158) |
T2DM with MCI (n = 71) |
P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 61.87 ± 8.63 | 63.48 ± 11.56 | 0.296 |
| Sex (male, %) | 86 (54.4%) | 35 (49.3%) | 0.472 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.93 ± 2.76 | 25.83 ± 2.90 | *0.026 |
| Education (years) | 14.29 ± 2.86 | 12.23 ± 2.03 | ***<0.001 |
| Diabetes duration (years) | 6.75 ± 2.21 | 7.27 ± 2.25 | 0.105 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 33 (20.9%) | 20 (28.2%) | 0.227 |
| Drinking, n (%) | 40 (25.3%) | 24 (33.8%) | 0.186 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 129.00 ± 20.92 | 136.85 ± 21.79 | *0.010 |
| FBG (mmol/L) | 7.53 ± 1.27 | 8.07 ± 1.28 | **0.004 |
| HbA1c (%) | 8.48 ± 1.64 | 8.63 ± 1.70 | 0.519 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 2.41 ± 0.31 | 2.50 ± 0.30 | *0.032 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 5.06 ± 0.68 | 5.37 ± 0.75 | **0.003 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 3.23 ± 0.57 | 3.66 ± 0.58 | ***<0.001 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.25 ± 0.19 | 1.22 ± 0.21 | 0.219 |
| IMT (mm) | 0.96 ± 0.16 | 1.14 ± 0.24 | ***<0.001 |
| Creatinine (µmol/L) | 65.10 ± 7.12 | 67.57 ± 7.41 | *0.017 |
| hs-CRP (µg/mL) | 1.23 ± 0.26 | 1.36 ± 0.31 | **0.002 |
| BDNF (ng/mL) | 41.69 ± 5.27 | 35.41 ± 4.67 | ***<0.001 |
| MAGE (mmol/L) | 4.00 ± 0.88 | 5.14 ± 0.96 | ***<0.001 |
| MBG (mmol/L) | 8.43 ± 1.69 | 9.78 ± 2.01 | ***<0.001 |
| SD (mmol/L) | 1.88 ± 0.64 | 2.28 ± 0.66 | ***<0.001 |
| TIR (%) | 76.17 ± 17.49 | 68.78 ± 7.26 | ***<0.001 |
| MODD (mmol/L) | 1.96 ± 0.68 | 2.29 ± 0.55 | ***<0.001 |
| Moesin (ng/mL) | 102.03 ± 12.36 | 125.94 ± 17.30 | ***<0.001 |
| MoCA | 27.86 ± 1.48 | 23.17 ± 1.48 | ***<0.001 |
Abbreviation: BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; FBG, fasting blood glucose; TG, triglyceride; TC, total cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; IMT, intima-media thickness; hs-CRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; BDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor; MAGE, mean amplitude of glycemic excursions; MBG, mean blood glucose; SD, standard deviation of glucose; TIR, time in range; MODD, mean of daily differences; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; MCI, mild cognitive impairment
*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001