Table 3.
Between-group comparison after adjusting for age
| PD-MCT | GCT | ∆GCT—PD-MCT | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | M | SE | N | M | SE | MD | p | partial η2 | |
| Disease duration, a | 102 | 7.87 | 0.67 | 100 | 9.49 | 0.68 | 1.62 | 0.113 | |
| LED, mg | 101 | 793.26 | 42.73 | 87 | 709.37 | 46.48 | − 83.90 | 0.212 | |
| MDS-UPDRS III (0–132) | 102 | 31.29 | 1.42 | 82 | 31.29 | 1.61 | 0.00 | 1.000 | |
| SPPB (0–12) | 102 | 8.53 | 0.21 | 87 | 6.68 | 0.23 | − 1.84 | < 0.001 | 0.14 |
| FES-I (16–64) | 98 | 26.36 | 1.09 | 77 | 31.10 | 1.25 | 4.75 | 0.008 | 0.04 |
| EQ-5D-5L Index (0–1) | 100 | 0.71 | 0.02 | 67 | 0.65 | 0.03 | − 0.07 | 0.091 | |
| EQ-5D-5L VAS (0–100) | 101 | 59.80 | 2.00 | 70 | 49.89 | 2.45 | − 9.91 | 0.003 | 0.05 |
| MoCA (0–30) | 98 | 23.36 | 0.39 | 93 | 22.95 | 0.40 | − 0.41 | 0.495 | |
| TMT B-A, s | 92 | 68.79 | 7.34 | 74 | 113.44 | 8.30 | 44.66 | < 0.001 | 0.08 |
| Straight Walk Normal Pace T1 | |||||||||
| Number of Steps | 100 | 35.89 | 1.14 | 97 | 35.27 | 1.16 | − 0.61 | 0.724 | |
| Velocity, m/s | 100 | 1.05 | 0.03 | 97 | 0.89 | 0.03 | − 0.16 | < 0.001 | 0.07 |
| Step length, m | 100 | 0.59 | 0.01 | 97 | 0.58 | 0.01 | − 0.01 | 0.538 | |
| Stride length, m | 100 | 1.17 | 0.03 | 97 | 1.15 | 0.03 | − 0.02 | 0.611 | |
| Cadence, steps/s | 100 | 1.69 | 0.02 | 97 | 1.73 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.248 | |
| Step time, s | 100 | 0.61 | 0.02 | 97 | 0.60 | 0.02 | − 0.01 | 0.085 | |
| Stride time, s | 100 | 1.21 | 0.06 | 97 | 1.19 | 0.06 | − 0.02 | 0.834 | |
| Single Limb Support, s | 100 | 0.74 | 0.04 | 97 | 0.74 | 0.04 | − 0.01 | 0.911 | |
| Double Limb Support, s | 100 | 0.45 | 0.02 | 97 | 0.44 | 0.02 | − 0.01 | 0.817 | |
| Step time variability | 100 | 0.09 | 0.01 | 97 | 0.09 | 0.02 | − 0.01 | 0.757 | |
| Double Limb Support Variability | 100 | 0.08 | 0.01 | 97 | 0.08 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.856 | |
| Asymmetry | 100 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 97 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.087 | |
| Straight Walk Fast Pace T1 | |||||||||
| Number of Steps | 80 | 33.03 | 0.43 | 71 | 39.25 | 0.46 | 6.21 | < 0.001 | 0.36 |
| Velocity, m/s | 80 | 1.51 | 0.04 | 71 | 1.17 | 0.05 | − 0.33 | < 0.001 | 0.14 |
| Step length, m | 80 | 0.59 | 0.01 | 71 | 0.54 | 0.01 | − 0.05 | < 0.001 | 0.14 |
| Stride length, m | 80 | 1.16 | 0.01 | 71 | 1.07 | 0.01 | − 0.09 | < 0.001 | 0.12 |
| Cadence, steps/s | 80 | 1.77 | 0.02 | 71 | 1.85 | 0.02 | 0.07 | 0.026 | 0.03 |
| Step time, s | 80 | 0.56 | 0.01 | 71 | 0.55 | 0.01 | − 0.01 | 0.465 | |
| Stride time, s | 80 | 1.10 | 0.01 | 71 | 1.10 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.903 | |
| Single Limb Support, s | 80 | 0.68 | 0.01 | 71 | 0.66 | 0.01 | − 0.02 | 0.134 | |
| Double Limb Support, s | 80 | 0.42 | 0.00 | 71 | 0.41 | 0.01 | − 0.01 | 0.274 | |
| Step time variability | 80 | 0.08 | 0.01 | 71 | 0.07 | 0.01 | − 0.01 | 0.580 | |
| Double Limb Support Variability | 80 | 0.07 | 0.01 | 71 | 0.06 | 0.01 | − 0.01 | 0.538 | |
| Asymmetry | 80 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 71 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.247 | |
Significant between-group differences in changes (p < 0.05) are highlighted in bold
M mean, SE standard error, MD difference of means
PD-MCT Parkinson’s Disease Multimodal Complex Therapy, GCT Geriatric Complex Therapy
LED Daily Levodopa equivalent dose,
MDS-UPDRS III Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale Part III: motor examination,
SPPB Short Physical Performance Battery, FES-I Falls Efficacy Scale International,
EQ-5D-5L Index EuroQol 5 Dimensions-5 Level Index Value,
EQ-5D-5L VAS EuroQol Visual Analogue Scale, MoCA Montreal Cognitive Assessment,
TMT B-A Trail Making Test Part B—Part A