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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Jul 29.
Published in final edited form as: Clin Lung Cancer. 2025 Jun 12;26(7):e534–e542. doi: 10.1016/j.cllc.2025.06.006

Table 1.

Participant Characteristics, N = 516

Characteristic N (%) or
Mean (SD)
Age
 Mean (SD) 61.3 (7.3)
 Range 50-80
Gender
 Man 256 (49.6%)
 Woman 253 (49%)
 Missing 7 (1.4%)
Race and Ethnicity
 White 249 (48.3%)
 Black/African American 246 (47.7%)
 Asian/Hispanic/Latino/Multiple Races or Ethnicities 20 (3.9%)
 Missing 1 (0.2%)
Highest educational attainment
 High school equivalent or less 149 (28.9%)
 Some college 247 (47.9%)
 Bachelor’s degree 85 (16.5%)
 Postgraduate degree 31 (6%)
 Missing 4 (0.8%)
Income
 Less than $30,000 214 (41.5%)
 $30,000-$59,999 174 (33.7%)
 $60,000 or More 124 (24%)
 Missing 4 (0.8%)
Employment status
 Employed 176 (34.1%)
 Unemployed/other 147 (28.5%)
 Retired 193 (37.4%)
Marital status
 Never married 105 (20.3%)
 Married 216 (41.9%)
 No longer with spouse 192 (37.2%)
 Missing 3 (0.6%)
U.S. Census region
 South 242 (46.9%)
 Northeast 89 (17.2%)
 Midwest 121 (23.5%)
 West 64 (12.4%)
Health insurance coverage
 Has health insurance 473 (91.7%)
 No insurance 41 (7.9%)
 Missing 2 (0.4%)
Primary care provider
 No 98 (19%)
 Yes 417 (80.8%)
 Missing 1 (0.2%)
Prior COPD diagnosis
 No 428 (82.9%)
 Yes 88 (17.1%)
Number of chronic diseases
 Mean (SD) 2.484 (2.2)
 Range 0-11
Family history of lung cancer
 No family history of lung cancer or unsure 359 (69.6%)
 At least one first degree relative had lung cancer 81 (15.7%)
 At least one second degree relative had lung cancer 74 (14.3%)
 Missing 2 (0.4%)
Pack-year smoking history
 Mean (SD) 42.4 (25.7)
 Range 19.5 - 288.0
Smoking status
 Currently smoke 460 (89.1%)
 Formerly smoked 56 (10.9%)
Ever discussed lung screening with provider
 No 318 (62.0%)
 Yes 187 (36.0%)
 Missing 11 (2%)
Ever received lung cancer screening
 Yes 352 (68.3)
 No 133 (25.8)
 Don’t know 30 (5.8)