Table 3.

Administration routes and designs of nanobots for different types of cancers

Route of administration	Type of cancer	Design and synthesis of nanobot	References
Inhalation	Lung cancer	Lipid-based nanobots deliver chemotherapy using liposomes or lipid nanoparticles for lung cancer	[82]
		Gold nanobots use gold nanoparticles to target and detect cancer cells precisely
Topical application and intravenous injection	Skin cancer (melanoma)	Peptide-based nanobots target melanoma cells using peptides for binding	[83]
		Thermo-sensitive nanobots release drugs specifically at the tumor site, triggered by laser treatment
Intravenous Injection	Breast cancer	Polymer-based nanobots use biocompatible polymers like PLGA to encapsulate drugs for targeted delivery	[84]
		DNA origami nanobots transport drugs and target cancer cells by folding DNA strands into specific shapes
Intertumoral injection and intrathecal injection	Brain tumor (glioblastoma)	Dendrimer-based nanobots deliver drugs across the blood–brain barrier	[85]
		Magnetic nanobots use magnetic properties that are guided by external magnetic fields for targeted delivery to brain tumors
Transrectal injection and intravenous injection	Prostate cancer	Hybrid nanobots combine inorganic and organic elements for versatile therapy and imaging applications	[86]
		Cell-derived nanobots enhance targeting and reduce immune response by encapsulating nanoparticles in cell membranes
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided injection and intravenous injection	Pancreatic cancer	RNA-based nanobots use RNA nanoparticles for gene regulation and targeted drug delivery	[87]
		Polymeric micelles encapsulate chemotherapy drugs and deliver them to pancreatic cancer cells via self-assembling nanocarriers
Intravenous injection and intrathecal injection	Leukemia	Magnetic iron-oxide nanobots use magnetic properties for targeted delivery to leukemia cells	[88]
		Biodegradable nanobots decompose after releasing their payload to reduce systemic exposure