NADA induces thermal hyperalgesia in mice via VR1. (a) The effect of NADA was dose-dependent. (b) Time response of the effect of NADA (5 μg, administered into the plantar surface of a hind paw) and its blockade by the VR1 antagonists capsazepine (CPZ) or iodo-resiniferatoxin (IRTX), administered 10 min before NADA (data are means ± SEM of n = 50 for NADA alone, n = 19 for NADA+CPZ, and n = 15, for NADA+IRTX).