Table 3.

Search keywords in different groups

Groupe 1 – methodology-related keywords	“artificial intelligence” OR “machine learning” OR “deep learning” OR “neural network” OR “text mining” OR “NLP”
Groupe 2 – study-related keywords	“clinical trial” OR “clinical study” OR “clinical trials” OR “clinical studies”
Groupe 3 – risk-related keywords	(“risk” OR “success” OR “termination” OR “completion” OR “outcome” OR “phase success” OR “likelihood of approval”) OR (“adverse drug reaction” OR “adverse drug event” OR “adverse reaction” OR “adverse event” OR “adr” OR “ade” OR “toxicity” OR “safety”) OR (“drug effectiveness” OR “efficacy”)
Groupe 4 – task-related keywords	“predict” OR “prediction” OR “classify” OR “classification” OR “forecast” OR “forecasting”
Final result	(Groupe 1) AND (Group 2) AND (Group 3) AND (Group 4)