Table 1.
Main characteristics of included studies
| Author, year | City | Study Type | Overall population | Approach | Included | Pathologist assessment | Adequate after 1st attempt (n) | Repeated attempts | Adequate after 2nd attempt (n) | Adequate after 5th attempt (n) | Reference standard | Accuracy (population tested) | Biopsy accuracy (n) | Biopsies (total n) | Compli-cations (n) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fischerova (2008)[36] | Prague | Prosp | 86 | TVUS, TAUS | 86 | Histo, IHC | 80 | 4 | 84 | NA | 90 | 1 | ||||||
| Griffin (2009)[22] | Cambridge | Retro | 60 | TAUS | 35 | Histo, IHC | 31 | NA | 35 | 0 | ||||||||
| Zikan (2010)[37] | Prague | Retro | 190 | TVUS, TAUS | 184 | Histo, IHC | 170 | 5 | 175 | DSS | 118 | 116 | 189 | 2 | ||||
| Oge (2013)[27] | Eskisehir | Retro | 55 | TAUS | 55 | Histo, IHC | 53 | NA | 55 | 0 | ||||||||
| Thabet (2014)[23] | Boston | Retro | 27 | TVUS + TAUS | 13 | Histo, IHC | 13 | DSS | 8 | 8 | 13 | 0 | ||||||
| TVUS | 7 | Histo, IHC | 7 | 2 | 2 | |||||||||||||
| TAUS | 6 | Histo, IHC | 6 | 6 | 6 | |||||||||||||
| Kong (2016)[29] | Suwon | Retro | 52 | TVUS | 52 | Histo, IHC | 49 | DSS | 49 | 52 | 0 | |||||||
| Epstein (2016)[28] | Stockholm | Prosp | 143 | TVUS, TAUS, TRUS | 143 | Histo, IHC | 126 | 5 | 131 | DSS | 30 | 30 | 148 | 4 | ||||
| Lin (2017)[32] | Guangzhou | Retro | 200 | TVUS | 200 | Histo | 192 | 2 | 193 | DSS, CL | 192 | 190 | 202 | 0 | ||||
| Yousefi (2017)[24] | Mashhad | Prosp | 12 | TVUS | 12 | Histo, IHC | 12 | DSS | 8 | 8 | 12 | 0 | ||||||
| Majid (2018)[34] | Peshawar | Retro | 78 | NS | 2 | NS | 2 | NA | 2 | 0 | ||||||||
| Mascilini (2019)[25] | Rome | Retro | 62 | TVUS | 62 | Histo, IHC | 62 | DSS, CL | 17 | 15 | 62 | 0 | ||||||
| Vlasak (2020)[21] | Pilsen | Retro | 123 | TVUS + TAUS | 123 | Histo, IHC | 118 | DSS | 51 | 46 | 123 | 0 | ||||||
| TVUS | 91 | Histo, IHC | 88 | |||||||||||||||
| TAUS | 32 | Histo, IHC | 30 | |||||||||||||||
| Verschuere (2021)[26] | Leuven | Retro | 176 | TVUS | 100 | Histo, IHC | 83 | 8 | 91 | DSS | 43 | 35 | 108 | 0 | ||||
| Lengyel (2021)[31] | Budapest | Prosp | 303 | TVUS | 303 | Histo, IHC | 299 | DSS | 94 | 82 | 303 | 3 | ||||||
| Buonomo (2022)[35] | Trieste | Retro | 42 | TVUS, TAUS | 42 | Histo, IHC | 40 | 2 | 42 | DSS | 17 | 16 | 42 | 1 | ||||
| Asp (2023)[33] | Lund | Retro | 309 | TVUS, TAUS | 293 | Histo, IHC | NA | NA | NA | 253 | DSS | 159 | 155 | 300 | 4 | |||
| Pelayo (2023)[20] | Madrid, Murcia | Retro | 42 | TVUS | 34 | Histo, IHC | NA | NA | 34 | DSS | 10 | 9 | 34 | 0 | ||||
| Mascilini (2023)[30] | Rome | Prosp | 158 | TVUS + TAUS | 128 | Histo, IHC | 128 | DSS | 102 | 96 | 128 | 1 | ||||||
| TVUS | 121 | 121 | 98 | 92 | ||||||||||||||
| TAUS | 7 | 7 | 4 | 4 | ||||||||||||||
Prosp, prospective; Retro, retrospective; TVUS, transvaginal ultrasound; TAUS, transabdominal US; TRUS transrectal US; Histo, histological; IHC, immunohistochemistry; NA, not applied, DSS, definitive surgical specimen, CL, clinical; NS, not specified