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. 2025 Jul 29;18:166. doi: 10.1186/s13048-025-01739-7

Table 2.

All reported complications

Author Complication rate Clavien Dindo classification Case Intervention
Fischerova (2008)[36] 1.1% IIIb Bleeding from tumor in a patient with mild thrombocytopenia Laparotomy
Zikan (2010)[37] 1.1% IIIb Hemoperitoneum Laparotomy
IIIb Bleeding into ascitic fluid Laparoscopy
Epstein (2016)[28] 2.7% I Mild bleeding (< 100mL) None
I Mild bleeding (< 100mL) None
II Abdominal wall hematoma Hospitalization
II Abdominal wall hematoma Hospitalization
Lengyel (2021)[31] 1.0% IIa Superinfection of large mesothelial tumor Ultrasound drainage, IV ATB
IIIb Asymptomatic abscess of benign ovarian cystic lesion Surgical exploration
IIIb Asymptomatic abscess of benign ovarian cystic lesion Surgical exploration
Buonomo (2022)[35] 2.4% I 8 cm endopelvic clot after the procedure None
Asp (2023)[33] 1.3% II Intestinal perforation IV ATB
II Superficial puncture infection IV ATB
II Pelvic abscess IV ATB
II Pelvic abscess, pain IV ATB
Mascilini (2023)[30] 0.8% I Fever None

IV ATB, intravenous antibiotics