TABLE 2.
Putative colonization-essential genes of Actinobacillus suis
| Mutanta | Nearest homolog species | % Similarity (span)b | Product | Putative function | CIin vivoc | CIin vitroc |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Transcription (COG 1D K) | ||||||
| 2-43 (+1)d | cpxR, Pasteurella multocida | 60 (166) | CpxR | Response regulator to stress, pilus biogenesis | 0.28 | 0.83 |
| 3-39 | hupA, Pasteurella multocida | 79 (72) | HupA | Global transcriptional regulator, DNA-binding protein Huα | 0.29 | 0.66 |
| 3-31 (+4) | hns, Pasteurella multocida | 54 (106) | H-NS | DNA-binding, global regulator | 0.18 | 4 |
| 15-8 | YP0456, Yersinia pestis | 63 (65) | Putative right-origin DNA-binding protein | Global regulator | 0.35 | 0.37 |
| Outer membrane, cell wall biogenesis (COG ID M) | ||||||
| 23-58 (+1) | pomA, Mannheimia haemolytica | 77f (378) | Outer membrane protein A | Attachment, structural integrity | 0.07 | 0.5 |
| 1-28 | pfhaB1, Pasteurella multocida | 96 (31 nt) | Putative filamentous hemagglutinin | Attachment | 0.17 | 0.17 |
| 22-100 | lcbB, Neisseria meningitidis | 34 (64) | Putative bifunctional polymerase | Cell envelope biogenesis | 0.66 | 0.66 |
| Amino acid metabolism and transport (COG ID E) | ||||||
| 4-4 | VCA0160, Vibrio cholerae | 73 (38) | Tryptophan-specific transport protein | Channeling of tryptophan into cell membrane | 1 | 1.5 |
| 4-21 | lmo0845 (∼yxjH), Listeria monocytogenes (∼Bacillus subtilis) | 54 (211) | YxjH protein | Methionine biosynthesis | 0.12 | 1.6 |
| Energy production and conversion (COG ID C) | ||||||
| 2-50 | atpG, Haemophilus influenzae | 67 (227) | ATP synthase gamma chain | Pump H+ ions, synthesize ATP, maintain electrophysiology of the cell, protect cells from oxidative and acidic stress | 0.67 | 2.1 |
| 3-26 | atpC, Pasteurella multocida | 76 (30) | ATP synthase epsilon chain | Pump H+ ions, synthesize ATP, maintain electrophysiology of the cell, protect cells from oxidative and acidic stress | NTe | 0.31 |
| 18-18 (+2)d | aceE, Haemophilus influenzae | 88 (118) | Pyruvate dehydrogenase, E1 component | Catalyze oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetyl coenzyme A | NT | 0.02 |
| 18-15 (+1)d | lpdA, Haemophilus influenzae | 95 (147) | Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase | Catalyze oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetyl coenzyme A | 0.41 | 0.64 |
| 22-47 (+2)d | nifU/iscU, Haemophilus influenzae | 87 (125) | IscU | Fe-S assembly, iron homeostasis in eukaryotes | 0.001 | 0.5 |
| Lipid metabolism (COG ID I) | ||||||
| 3-52 | est, Pasteurella multocida | 42 (124) | Esterase | Lipolytic enzyme, hydrolyzes lung surfactant | NT | 0.66 |
| Carbohydrate transport and metabolism (COG ID G) | ||||||
| 26-75 | ptsH, Pasteurella multocida | 89 (19) | PtsH | Phosphocarrier protein, transport of sugars | NT | 0.48 |
| Nucleotide metabolism (COG ID F) | ||||||
| 23-48 | thyA, Haemophilus influenzae | 74 (81) | Thymidylate synthetase | Thymine nucleotide metabolism | 0.12 | 0.33 |
| 18-21 (+2)d | nrdA, Rickettsia conorii | 35 (281) | NrdA, ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase alpha chain | Catalyzes conversion of ribonucleotides to corresponding deoxyribonucleotides | NT | 0.36 |
| 26-80 (+1)d | guaA, Pasteurella multocida | 100 (81) | GMP synthase | Purine biosynthesis | 0.3 | 1.6 |
| Translation, ribosomal structure, and processing (COG ID J) | ||||||
| 18-8 | tRNA-Gly3, Haemophilus influenzae | 97 (175 nt) | tRNA-glycine | Addition of glycine amino acid to the polypeptide chain | 0.02 | 1.2 |
| 23-27 (+2)d | tRNA-Tyr, Haemophilus influenzae | 97 (175 nt) | tRNA-tyrosine | Addition of tyrosine amino acid during protein synthesis | 0.15 | 0.33 |
| 22-29 | tufB, Haemophilus influenzae | 96 (175 nt) | Elongation factor TuB | Processing factors for protein synthesis | NT | 0.28 |
| 16-2 | tufA, Pasteurella multocida | 75 (136) | Elongation factor TuA | Processing factors for protein synthesis | NT | 0.45 |
| 15-26 | rpl9, Haemophilus influenzae | 49 (81) | 50S ribosomal protein L9 | Proper folding and configuration of rRNA | NT | 1.7 |
| 23-37 | rpl32, Haemophilus influenzae | 94 (38) | 50S ribosomal protein L32 | Proper folding and configuration of rRNA | NT | 0.34 |
| 3-44 (+18) | HirrnC23S, Haemophilus influenzae | 83 (164 nt) | 23S rRNA | Protein synthesis | NT | 2.0 |
| 3-45 (+20) | rrnA 16S, Actinobacillus equuli | 99 (261 nt) | 16S rRNA | Protein synthesis | 2.3 | 0.81 |
| Function unknown COG ID S | ||||||
| 4-2 (+5)d | PM1911, Pasteurella multocida | 63 (158) | Unknown | Conserved hypothetical (putative metal-binding protein) | 0.01 | 0.93 |
| 3-54 (+6)d | PM1778, Pasteurella multocida | 64 (73) | Unknown | Unknown | 0.4 | 0.66 |
| 17-21 | PM1568, Pasteurella multocida | 75 (68) | Unknown | Unknown | 1 | 1.1 |
| 3-17 | PM0682, Pasteurella multocida | 92 (28) | Unknown | Unknown | 1 | 1.92 |
| 17-66 | No significant match in the database | Unknown | Unknown | NT | 1.3 |
a
Mutants lost from both animals in two independent screens.
b
Percent similarity determined using BLASTX (span in amino acids, except tRNA and rRNA genes indicated in bp).
c
Calculated as (mutant CFU/wild-type CFU recovered)/(mutant CFU/wild-type CFUinput).
d
Number of independent insertions in the same reading frame.
e
NT, not tested.
f
Based on sequence of entire gene (1,122 bp).