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. 2025 Jul 17;16:1557972. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1557972

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Copyright © 2025 Ma, Fang, Li, Qin, Wang, Kang, Huang and Tong.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Panel A shows a KEGG enrichment analysis with pathways ranked by Rich Factor. Dot sizes indicate the number of genes, and color intensity represents p-values, with pathways like “tyrosine metabolism” highlighted. Panel B is a KEGG topology analysis, plotting pathways by impact value and negative log p-value. “Tyrosine metabolism” and “Phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis” are prominently highlighted with larger, darker dots. — Functional enrichment analysis of gut differential metabolites. (A) Metabolic pathway enrichment of differential metabolites. (B) Topology analysis of metabolic pathways. n = 10.