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. 2025 Feb 3;24(4):1090–1099. doi: 10.1007/s12663-024-02417-9

Table 4.

Results

Descriptive Analysis
N Mean Std. deviation Minimum Maximum Mean Std. deviation Minimum Maximum
Pre-treatment-functional limitation 8 4.13 1.808 1 7 Post-treatment-functional limitation 0.75 1.165 0 3
Pre-treatment-physical pain 8 5.88 0.354 5 6 Post-treatment-physical pain 0.63 0.744 0 2
Pre-treatment-psychological discomfort 8 6.13 0.835 5 7 Post-treatment-psychological discomfort 1.88 1.126 1 4
Pre-treatment-physical disability 8 7.5 0.926 6 8 Post-treatment-physical disability 0.13 0.354 0 1
Pre-treatment-psychological disability 8 6.12 1.126 4 7 Post-treatment-psychological disability 0.25 0.707 0 2
Pre-treatment-social disability 8 7.38 1.188 5 8 Post-treatment-social disability 1.5 0.535 1 Pre-treatment-social disability
Pre-treatment-handicapness 8 1.88 1.727 0 5 Post-treatment-handicapness 0.13 0.354 0 1
OHIP (Pre-treatment) 8 39 5.88 28 46 OHIP (post-treatment) 5.25 4.166 2 14
OFS (Pre-treatment) 8 30.63 11.032 14 43 OFS (post-treatment) 4.5 5.606 0 15
Wilcoxon test result
Z Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) Effect size
Pre-treatment-functional limitation − 2.546 0.011 − 0.90284
Pre-treatment-physical pain − 2.565 0.01 − 0.90957
Pre-treatment-psychological discomfort − 2.555 0.011 − 0.90603
Pre-treatment-physical disability − 2.588 0.01 − 0.91773
Pre-treatment-psychological disability − 2.555 0.011 − 0.90603
Pre-treatment-social disability − 2.555 0.011 − 0.90603
Pre-treatment-handicapness − 2.047 0.041 − 0.72589
OHIP (pre-treatment) − 2.521 0.012 − 0.89397
OFS (pre-treatment) − 2.521 0.012 − 0.89397