Table 2.
Mediation analysis of the associations of single trace element and trace element mixtures with AMI prevalence and severity
| Pathways | Indirect effect β (95% CI) | Direct effect β (95% CI) | Total effect β (95% CI) | Mediating proportion | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fe → hsCRP → AMI prevalence | − 0.0003 (− 0.0318, 0) | − 0.0006 (− 0.0143, 0.0014) | − 0.0009 (− 0.0367, 0) | 0.2906 | < 0.001* |
| Cu → hsCRP → AMI prevalence | 0 (0, 0.0215) | 0.0001 (0, 0.0497) | 0.0001 (0, 0.0667) | 0.2985 | 0.090 |
| Rb → hsCRP → AMI prevalence | 0 (0, 0.0094) | 0.0002 (0.0001, 0.0725) | 0.0002 (0.0002, 0.078) | 0.1561 | 0.030* |
| Nb → hsCRP → AMI prevalence | 0.0009 (− 0.0246, 0.0297) | − 0.1891 (− 0.2632, − 0.1083) | − 0.1884 (− 0.2673, − 0.1017) | − 0.0045 | 0.904 |
| Mo → hsCRP → AMI prevalence | 0.0111 (− 0.005, 0.0287) | − 0.0764 (− 0.128, − 0.0359) | − 0.0654 (− 0.1189, − 0.018) | − 0.1691 | 0.166 |
| Sb → hsCRP → AMI prevalence | − 0.0153 (− 0.0491, 0.0006) | 0.1327 (0.066, 0.1945) | 0.1079 (0.0548, 0.1446) | − 0.1419 | 0.058 |
| Gd → hsCRP → AMI prevalence | − 0.0013 (− 0.0119, 0.0033) | − 0.0193 (− 0.0603, − 0.0009) | − 0.0197 (− 0.0645, − 0.001) | 0.0675 | 0.330 |
| ERS → hsCRP → AMI prevalence | 0 (0, 0.0011) | 0 (0, 0.0125) | 0 (0, 0.0137) | 0.0856 | 0.032* |
| Fe → hsCRP → AMI severity | − 0.1233 (− 0.2469, 0.0002) | − 0.3312 (− 0.7882, 0.1258) | − 0.4545 (− 0.9107, 0.0016) | 0.2714 | 0.050 |
| Cu → hsCRP → AMI severity | 0.3077 (− 0.1043, 0.7197) | 1.2961 (0.2724, 2.3198) | 1.6038 (0.6654, 2.5422) | 0.1918 | 0.143 |
| Rb → hsCRP → AMI severity | 0.5251 (− 0.0304, 1.0806) | 0.3262 (− 0.3876, 1.04) | 0.8513 (0.2515, 1.451) | 0.6168 | 0.064 |
| Nb → hsCRP → AMI severity | 0.0078 (− 0.2529, 0.2685) | − 0.4724 (− 0.7816, − 0.1631) | − 0.4645 (− 0.7443, − 0.1848) | − 0.0168 | 0.953 |
| Mo → hsCRP → AMI severity | 0.0833 (− 0.0327, 0.1994) | − 0.2207 (− 0.3694, − 0.0721) | − 0.1374 (− 0.2762, 0.0014) | − 0.6066 | 0.159 |
| Sb → hsCRP → AMI severity | − 0.285 (− 0.7048, 0.1348) | 1.1228 (0.5578, 1.6879) | 0.8378 (0.391, 1.2847) | − 0.3402 | 0.183 |
| Gd → hsCRP → AMI severity | − 0.1522 (− 0.5306, 0.2262) | − 0.4074 (− 0.9954, 0.1806) | − 0.5596 (− 1.0834, − 0.0359) | 0.2720 | 0.431 |
| ERS → hsCRP → AMI severity | 0.1819 (0.0766, 0.2872) | 0.1931 (0.032, 0.3543) | 0.375 (0.2397, 0.5104) | 0.4850 | 0.001* |
These models were adjusted for age gender smoking status eGFR and stent implantation
AMI acute myocardial infarction, hsCRP high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, CI confidence interval
*P-value < 0.05