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. 2025 Aug 1;24:313. doi: 10.1186/s12933-025-02835-0

Table 1.

Baseline characteristics according to CTI quartiles

CTI quartiles (N = 8679) P
Q1 (n = 2170) Q2 (n = 2170) Q3 (n = 2170) Q4 (n = 2169)
Age, years 43.85 [20,85] 50.61 [20,85] 52.31 [20,85] 52.86 [20,85]  < 0.001a
Sex (n, %)  < 0.001b
Male 1016 (46.82%) 1129 (52.03%) 1055 (48.62%) 1016 (46.84%)
Female 1154 (53.18%) 1041 (47.97%) 1115 (51.38%) 1153 (53.16%)
First_HbA1c% (mean) 5.37 [3.8,11] 5.53 [3.9,11.9] 5.70 [4.0,12.2] 6.32 [3.9,17.0]  < 0.001a
Race (n, %)  < 0.001b
Mexican American 288 (13.27%) 371 (17.10%) 444 (20.46%) 470 (21.67%)
Other Hispanic 169 (7.79%) 209 (9.63%) 221 (10.18%) 283 (13.05%)
Non-Hispanic White 1051 (48.43%) 1017 (46.87%) 999 (46.04%) 942 (43.43%)
Non-Hispanic Black 510 (23.50%) 440 (20.28%) 371 (17.10%) 340 (15.68%)
Other races 152 (7.00%) 133 (6.13%) 135 (6.22%) 134 (6.18%)
Hypertension (n, %)  < 0.001b
Yes 485 (22.35%) 726 (33.46%) 854 (39.35%) 1046 (48.22%)
No 1685 (77.65%) 1444 (66.54%) 1316 (60.65%) 1123 (51.78%)
Diabetes (n, %)  < 0.001b
Yes 135 (6.22%) 277 (12.76%) 420 (19.35%) 800 (36.88%)
No 2035 (93.78%) 1893 (87.24%) 1750 (80.65%) 1369 (63.12%)
Education (n, %)  < 0.001b
Less than 9th grade 144 (6.64%) 258 (11.89%) 317 (14.61%) 318 (14.66%)
9-11th grade 294 (13.55%) 334 (15.39%) 311 (14.33%) 376 (17.34%)
High school graduate or equivalent 453 (20.88%) 524 (24.15%) 534 (24.61%) 541 (24.94%)
Some college or AA degree 635 (29.26%) 577 (26.59%) 612 (28.20%) 568 (26.19%)
College graduate or above 644 (29.68%) 477 (21.98%) 396 (18.25%) 366 (16.87%)
Smoking (n, %)  < 0.001b
Yes 884 (40.74%) 998 (45.99%) 1055 (48.62%) 1114 (51.36%)
No 1286 (59.26%) 1172 (54.01%) 1115 (51.38%) 1055 (48.64%)
Alcohol use (n, %)  < 0.001b
Yes 1596 (73.55%) 1540 (70.97%) 1533 (70.65%) 1433 (66.07%)
No 574(26.45%) 630 (29.03%) 637 (29.35%) 736 (33.93%)
First_HDL (mg/dl) (mean) 104.57 [22,341] 56.44 [26,188] 52.27 [21,226] 47.62 [6,129]  < 0.001a
First_LDL (mg/dl) (mean) 63.41 [26,164] 115.72 [26,289] 118.95 [24,328] 119.92 [22,344]  < 0.001a
First_BMI (mean) 25.11 [14.59,52.48] 28.03 [15.25,71.30] 30.40 [16.70,67.71] 32.87 [16.60,130.21]  < 0.001a
First_SBP (mean) 118.82 [80,216] 124.6 [82,226] 126.56 [78,236] 128.01 [72,208]  < 0.001a

a: Represents the use of the Kruskal–Wallis test

b: Represents the use of the Chi-square test