Table 1.

Comparison of aerobic vs. resistance exercise in subjects with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease¹²

	Aerobic exercise	Resistance exercise
Metabolic parameters	Improved	Improved
Features	High energy consumption and reduction of body weight	Lower intensity and energy consumption than aerobic exercise
Reduction of intrahepatic fat	Yes	Yes, but might be independent of body weight loss.
Mechanisms of improvement	Improve insulin sensitivity	Improve metabolic flexibility through AMPK activation, muscle fiber adaptation, and muscle-liver cross-talk. Improve lipid metabolism in the liver.
Advantages	Convenient, low cost, and widely available	Feasible for subjects with cardiorespiratory disorders or who cannot tolerate intensive exercise
Disadvantages	Fatigue sensation and physiological discomfort lead to decreased adherence	High cost and individualized equipment might be required.

AMPK, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase.