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. 2025 Jul 26;34:102138. doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.102138

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4

Evaluation of Mitochondrial Function and Gene Expression in Chondrocytes Treated with Different Microspheres. A) Venn diagram illustrating the overlap between differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and mitochondrial-related genes (MRGs). B) mRNA expression levels of COX4-i2 in chondrocytes from different groups under mechanical stress. C) mRNA expression levels of AKR-1b10 in chondrocytes across the different treatment groups. D) PrimPol gene mRNA expression levels in chondrocytes after treatment with HMs and Lipo@HMs. E) mRNA expression levels of PIF-1 in chondrocytes treated with different microsphere formulations. F) Expression levels of AASS gene mRNA in chondrocytes subjected to control, HMs, and Lipo@HMs treatments. G) Oxygen consumption rate (OCR) curves depicting the mitochondrial respiration function of chondrocytes under mechanical stress conditions across each treatment group. H) Quantitative analysis of basal mitochondrial respiration. I) Quantitative analysis of the mitochondrial ATP productivity potential. J) Quantitative analysis of the maximum respiratory capacity of mitochondria. K) Quantitative analysis of the spare respiratory capacity of mitochondria. (n = 3 for each group) (∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.01, ∗∗∗P < 0.001, ns: not significant).