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. 2025 Apr 18;57(9):1866–1876. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000003723

TABLE 2.

Plasma glucose and insulin concentrations after beverage ingestion (t = 0) in recreationally active young adult males (n = 12).

Time (min) 0 30 60 90 120 180 240
Glucose concentrations (mmol⋅L−1) 5.0 ± 0.3 7.6 ± 1.1* 6.0 ± 0.7* 4.9 ± 0.8 4.6 ± 0.5* 4.6 ± 0.3* 4.7 ± 0.2*
Insulin concentrations (pg⋅mL−1) 286 ± 296 4679 ± 2846* 2113 ± 1257* 684 ± 470* 226 ± 169 134 ± 60 140 ± 75

Values are expressed as mean ± SD. Data were analyzed with the use of one-factor repeated-measures ANOVA.

* Significantly different from t = 0, P < 0.05.