Table 3.

Difference between pretest and posttest score averages of the groups based on 5 MDC learning areas.

Topic	Group	BL	VBL	MD (95%CI)	t	P
		$\overline{\mathbf{X}}\pm \mathrm{S}\mathrm{D}$	$\overline{\mathbf{X}}\pm \mathrm{S}\mathrm{D}$
SI Units and conversions (3 questions)	Pretest	6.02 ± 5.71	5.64 ± 4.92	0.38	0.444	.658
	Posttest	13.35 ± 2.50	12.11 ± 3.90	1.24	2.337	.021
Tablets and Capsules (3 questions)	Pretest	7.12 ± 4.63	5.06 ± 3.64	2.05	1.92	.057
	Posttest	10.54 ± 2.83	9.42 ± 4.26	1.12	3.02	.003
Oral Suspensions (3 questions)	Pretest	5.45 ± 4.23	5.16 ± 4.49	0.28	0.401	.689
	Posttest	11.16 ± 4.04	10.19 ± 4.29	0.97	1.429	.155
Injections (8 questions)	Pretest	11.30 ± 10.07	8.65 ± 9.45	2.64	1.666	.098
	Posttest	34.31 ± 7.65	31.66 ± 11.03	2.64	1.722	.087
Infusion Treatments (3 questions)	Pretest	1.64 ± 3.01	1.60 ± 2.96	0.04	0.085	.932
	Posttest	12.80 ± 4.24	8.84 ± 6.28	3.96	4.562	.000
Total	Pretest	31.54 ± 19.92	26.12 ± 16.18	5.41	1.827	.070
	Posttest	82.19 ± 13.74	72.24 ± 21.87	2.95	3.369	.001

All comparisons were made using the independent samples t test. Bold values indicate statistical significance at P < .05.

BL = blended learning, MDC = medication dosage calculation, VBL = video-based learning.