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. 2024 Aug 19;59(4):426–440. doi: 10.1159/000540919

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© 2024 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel

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Fig. 5. — Forest plot comparing the risk of fatigue in females (experimental group) versus males (control group) across 10 studies, divided into retrospective and prospective subgroups. Each square represents the study’s odds ratio (OR) and its 95% CI, with the square size indicating the study’s weight in the meta-analysis. Diamonds show the pooled OR and 95% CI for each subgroup and overall. The vertical line at OR = 1 indicates no difference between groups. Heterogeneity is moderate to high in retrospective studies (I² = 74%) and low in prospective studies (I² = 28%).