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. 2025 Jul 23;16:1628555. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2025.1628555

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Copyright © 2025 Wang, Li, Wang, Liu, Fan, Qi, Wang, Jia, Chen, Duan and Liu

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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(A) Shows plant growth progression at 0, 5, 10, and 15 days post-inoculation with visible root systems. (B) Bar chart presenting the ratio of J2 (%) versus the concentration of solution CPT in millimoles per liter. Higher concentrations show a significant increase in the proportion of J2, marked by asterisks for statistical significance. — Effects of CPT treatment on soybean seedling development and J2 SCN Development in Roots. (A) Phenotypic comparison of soybean plant growth under CPT pretreatment. Left panel: Control group; Right panel: CPT-coated group. Bar=1 cm; (B) Proportion of J2 larvae in soybean roots coated with varying concentrations of CPT. Data are presented as means ± SD. Asterisks in the table denote statistical significance: ***(p < 0.001), and ****(p < 0.0001).