Table 2.
Characteristics of New Physicians Entering Primary Care–Results from a Multivariate Logistic Regression
| ADJUSTED ODDS RATIO | P VALUE | 95% CONFIDENCE INTERVAL | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GENDER | |||||
| Male | [Reference] | ||||
| Female | 1.17 | < 0.001 | 1.08 | 1.28 | |
| AGE | 0.87 | < 0.001 | 0.86 | 0.88 | |
| MEDICAL GRADUATE STATUS | |||||
| US Medical Graduate | [Reference] | ||||
| US Citizen International Medical Graduate | 5.10 | < 0.001 | 3.47 | 7.49 | |
| Permanent Resident International Medical Graduate | 7.52 | < 0.001 | 4.73 | 11.97 | |
| Noncitizen Non-Permanent Resident International Medical Graduate | 8.87 | < 0.001 | 6.26 | 12.58 | |
| EDUCATIONAL DEBT | |||||
| No debt | [Reference] | ||||
| < $50,000 | 1.01 | 0.891 | 0.86 | 1.19 | |
| $50,000-$350,000 | 0.92 | 0.138 | 0.82 | 1.03 | |
| > $350,000 | 1.03 | 0.678 | 0.90 | 1.18 | |
| RACE AND ETHNICITY | |||||
| Non-Hispanic White | [Reference] | ||||
| Non-Hispanic Asian | 1.34 | < 0.001 | 1.21 | 1.48 | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 2.15 | < 0.001 | 1.81 | 2.56 | |
| Non-Hispanic Other | 1.15 | 0.078 | 0.98 | 1.34 | |
| Hispanic | 1.56 | < 0.001 | 1.33 | 1.82 | |
| Medical Graduate Status—Year Interaction | |||||
| US CITIZEN IMG | 2011 | 1.06 | 0.826 | 0.62 | 1.81 |
| US CITIZEN IMG | 2012 | 1.01 | 0.959 | 0.60 | 1.72 |
| US CITIZEN IMG | 2013 | 0.81 | 0.442 | 0.47 | 1.39 |
| US CITIZEN IMG | 2014 | 1.10 | 0.732 | 0.64 | 1.88 |
| US CITIZEN IMG | 2015 | 0.91 | 0.734 | 0.52 | 1.59 |
| US CITIZEN IMG | 2016 | 0.48 | 0.011 | 0.27 | 0.85 |
| US CITIZEN IMG | 2017 | 0.67 | 0.101 | 0.42 | 1.08 |
| US CITIZEN IMG | 2018 | 0.65 | 0.075 | 0.40 | 1.04 |
| US CITIZEN IMG | 2019 | 0.49 | < 0.001 | 0.30 | 0.79 |
| PERMENENT RESIDENT IMG | 2011 | 1.05 | 0.889 | 0.56 | 1.97 |
| PERMENENT RESIDENT IMG | 2012 | 1.32 | 0.399 | 0.69 | 2.51 |
| PERMENENT RESIDENT IMG | 2013 | 1.17 | 0.623 | 0.62 | 2.21 |
| PERMENENT RESIDENT IMG | 2014 | 0.66 | 0.238 | 0.34 | 1.31 |
| PERMENENT RESIDENT IMG | 2015 | 0.58 | 0.128 | 0.29 | 1.17 |
| PERMENENT RESIDENT IMG | 2016 | 0.70 | 0.353 | 0.33 | 1.49 |
| PERMENENT RESIDENT IMG | 2017 | 0.48 | 0.029 | 0.24 | 0.93 |
| PERMENENT RESIDENT IMG | 2018 | 0.38 | 0.005 | 0.20 | 0.75 |
| PERMENENT RESIDENT IMG | 2019 | 0.36 | 0.004 | 0.18 | 0.72 |
| NCNP IMG | 2011 | 0.62 | 0.051 | 0.39 | 1.00 |
| NCNP IMG | 2012 | 0.96 | 0.851 | 0.59 | 1.54 |
| NCNP IMG | 2013 | 0.68 | 0.126 | 0.41 | 1.12 |
| NCNP IMG | 2014 | 0.53 | 0.012 | 0.32 | 0.87 |
| NCNP IMG | 2015 | 0.44 | < 0.001 | 0.26 | 0.74 |
| NCNP IMG | 2016 | 0.36 | < 0.001 | 0.21 | 0.61 |
| NCNP IMG | 2017 | 0.26 | < 0.001 | 0.16 | 0.41 |
| NCNP IMG | 2018 | 0.33 | < 0.001 | 0.20 | 0.54 |
| NCNP IMG | 2019 | 0.26 | < 0.001 | 0.16 | 0.42 |