Table 7.

Multivariate associations between gender and the order in family and cognitive development outcomes

FSIQ	(1)	(2)	(3)
characteristics	the oldest	the youngest	middle
1.female	2.175*	2.092*	2.077*
	(1.125)	(1.099)	(1.169)
2.characteristics(the child is the eldest, the youngest and middle of siblings)	1.318	2.527	−1.910
	(3.410)	(1.641)	(8.463)
3.female*characteristics	−3.092*	−2.514*	−0.059
	(1.631)	(1.374)	(3.188)
Constants	96.302***	91.604***	91.737***
	(7.024)	(5.426)	(8.859)
Controls	Yes	Yes	Yes
R-sq	0.139	0.151	0.178
N	643	945	408

All regressions control for village fixed effects. All regressions control for the number of siblings, Age at the time of data collection, Mother is the primary caregiver, Premature birth, Age of mother, Mother completed high school, Primary caregiver completed high school, Family asset, and Project treatment

Only children serve as the reference group

Column (1) includes only children and the eldest child among siblings; Column (2) includes only children and the youngest child; Column (3) includes only children and children in middle birth positions

Standard errors in parentheses

^* p value < 0.1 (marginally significant)

^**p value < 0.05

^***p value < 0.01