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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Aug 6.
Published in final edited form as: Emotion. 2025 Aug 4;26(1):128–140. doi: 10.1037/emo0001567

Table 3.

Frequency of Caregivers’ Report of Discomfort with Children’s Emotions

Likelihood of Feeling Discomfort with Children’s Emotions n (%)

Child Emotion −3
(very unlikely)
−2 −1 0
(unsure)
1 2 3
(very likely)
Missinga
Happiness 229
(98%)
3
(1%)
0
(0%)
0
(0%)
0
(0%)
0
(0%)
2
(1%)
0
(0%)
Excitement 220
(94%)
9
(4%)
2
(1%)
0
(0%)
1
(0%)
1
(0%)
1
(0%)
0
(0%)
Kindness 218
(93%)
13
(6%)
3
(1%)
0
(0%)
0
(0%)
0
(0%)
0
(0%)
0
(0%)
Sadness 72
(31%)
43
(18%)
29
(12%)
2
(1%)
39
(17%)
28
(12%)
11
(5%)
10
(4%)
Anger 48
(21%)
28
(12%)
27
(12%)
1
(0%)
32
(14%)
21
(9%)
13
(6%)
64
(27%)
Fear 29
(12%)
11
(5%)
15
(6%)
0
(0%)
11
(5%)
17
(7%)
10
(4%)
141
(60%)
a

When caregivers reported that their child did not display a given emotion in response to something the caregiver did or said, no value was given.