Table 4.

Pair-wise contrasts for caregivers’ reported discomfort with children’s caregiver-directed emotions.

Comparison	Mean Difference	SE	Mean Difference Lower CI	Mean Difference Upper CI	Cohen’s d	p
Excitement vs. Happiness	0.06	0.12	−0.29	0.40	0.09	.997
Kindness vs. Happiness	0.02	0.12	−0.32	0.36	0.03	.999
Kindness vs. Excitement	−0.04	0.12	−0.38	0.30	0.08	.999
Anger vs. Sadness	0.21	0.13	−0.17	0.59	0.11	.597
Fear vs. Sadness	0.34	0.16	−0.13	0.80	0.18	.300
Fear vs. Anger	0.12	0.17	−0.36	0.61	0.07	.978
Sadness vs. Happiness	2.04	0.12	1.69	2.38	1.37	<.001
Anger vs. Happiness	2.25	0.13	1.87	2.62	1.49	<.001
Fear vs. Happiness	2.37	0.16	1.91	2.83	1.47	<.001
Sadness vs. Excitement	1.98	0.12	1.63	2.33	1.32	<.001
Anger vs. Excitement	2.19	0.13	1.82	2.57	1.44	<.001
Fear vs. Excitement	2.32	0.16	1.86	2.78	1.43	<.001
Sadness vs. Kindness	2.02	0.12	1.67	2.36	1.39	<.001
Anger vs. Kindness	2.23	0.13	1.86	2.61	1.51	<.001
Fear vs. Kindness	2.36	0.16	1.90	2.81	1.49	<.001

Note. Mean difference scores reflect first variable minus second variable. A positive score reflects that caregivers reported more discomfort for the first emotion listed in the first column. A critical value of .003 was used to adjust for multiple comparisons. All significant associations remained statistically significant after adjusting for multiple comparisons.