Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of participants.
| Characteristics | All participants (N = 2359) | COVID-group (N = 338) | COVID + group (N = 2021) | T/X2 valuea | P valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (Mean, SD) | 22.23 (2.49) | 21.72 (2.69) | 22.32 (2.45) | −4.09 | <0.001 |
| Sex (n, %) | 12.26 | 0.001 | |||
| Female | 1485 (62.95) | 184 (54.44) | 1301 (64.37) | ||
| Male | 874 (37.05) | 154 (45.56) | 720 (35.63) | ||
| Ethnic (n, %) | |||||
| Han | 2320 (98.35) | 331 (97.93) | 1989 (98.42) | 0.42 | 0.674 |
| Minority | 39 (1.65) | 7 (2.07) | 32 (1.58) | ||
| Educational level (n, %) | |||||
| Bachelor degree | 1871 (79.31) | 276 (81.66) | 1595 (78.92) | 1.32 | 0.282 |
| Master degree | 488 (20.69) | 62 (18.34) | 426 (21.08) | ||
| Cigarette consumption (n, %) | |||||
| No | 2233 (94.66) | 315 (93.20) | 1918 (94.90) | 1.67 | 0.245 |
| Yes | 126 (5.34) | 23 (6.80) | 103 (5.10) | ||
| Alcohol consumption (n, %) | |||||
| No | 1587 (67.27) | 248 (73.37) | 1339 (66.25) | 6.67 | 0.012 |
| Yes | 772 (32.73) | 90 (26.63) | 682 (33.75) | ||
| Physical exercise (n, %) | |||||
| No | 118 (5.00) | 16 (4.73) | 102 (5.05) | 0.60 | 0.807 |
| Yes | 2241 (95.00) | 322 (95.27) | 1919 (94.95) | ||
| Survey response periods at T1b (n, %) | |||||
| March 2020 to October 2021 | 601 (25.48) | 97 (28.70) | 504 (24.94) | 2.16 | 0.161 |
| February 2022 | 1758 (74.52) | 241 (71.30) | 1517 (75.06) | ||
NOTE.
a
the T test and X2 test were preformed between COVID-group and COVID + group.
b
according to the psychological survey at T2, the most recent historical psychological survey records of the participants before the lifting of restrictions were selected for analysis.