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. 2025 Jul 31;11(2):26–34. doi: 10.32481/djph.2025.07.08

Table 3. Adjusted Logistic Regression Testing Associations between LGBT+ status and Mental Health and Substance Use in 8th Grade.

Psychological Distress Anxiety Alcohol Drinking Cigarette Smoking Vaping Marijuana Use Prescription Misuse
n=7,468 n=7,001 n=7,850 n=7,968 n=7,979 n=6,821 n=8,385
OR SE OR SE OR SE OR SE OR SE OR SE OR SE
LGBT+ 3.69*** .07 3.76*** .07 1.91*** .06 2.41*** .12 2.21*** .07 1.98*** .08 1.86*** .08
Race and Ethnicity
Black/ non-Latinx 0.79*** .06 0.69*** .07 0.83* .08 0.84 .17 1.28 .09 1.33** .10 1.22 .10
Latinx/Any Race 0.83* .06 0.82** .07 1.30*** .07 1.31 .14 1.71*** .09 1.54*** .10 1.12 .10
Other Race/non-Latinx 1.11 .10 0.84* .08 0.91 .09 0.91 .19 0.80 .12 1.04 .13 1.14 .12
Data Year
2023 0.95 .06 0.69*** .06 0.93 .07 1.23 .15 1.25 .08 1.21 .09 0.94 .09
2024 0.79*** .06 0.63*** .07 0.84* .08 2.78*** .14 1.27 .09 1.02 .10 1.43*** .10

Note. Reference group for LGBT+ status was cisgender heterosexual youth. Reference group for race and ethnicity was White/non-Latinx and for data collection year was 2022. OR = odds ratio. SE = standard error. *p.<.05, **p.<.01, ***p.<.001. aPrescription misuse recall period is past year, in contrast to lifetime for all other substances.