. 2025 Aug 8;15:29102. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-13306-7

Table 7.

Comparative Performance Analysis of Proposed Wind Power Prediction Models Against Benchmark Results.

Dataset	Model	MAE	MSE	RMSE	R²
Dataset	Model	Testing	Testing	Testing	Testing
Kaggle dataset	Extra Tree (Abdelsattar, M., et al. (2025))⁴⁸	-	-	0.1512	0.7231
	ANN (Abdelsattar, M., et al. (2025))⁴⁸	-	-	0.6551	0.7248
	Stacking Ensemble (Proposed model)	0.0759	0.0112	0.1058	0.8643
	PINN (Proposed model)	0.0872	0.0136	0.1165	0.8356
Real-Time MERRA-2 dataset	Stacking Ensemble (Proposed model)	0.026	0.013	0.11	0.998
Real-Time MERRA-2 dataset	PINN (Proposed model)	0.1629	0.0586	0.2420	0.989