Table 2.

Serum differential metabolites in epileptic patients in basal and post-seizure state. The table highlights metabolites with significant alterations in epileptic patients in basal and post-seizure state. Each metabolite is presented with its false discovery rate (FDR) from Wilcoxon rank-sum test, area under the curve (AUC) values with 90% confidence intervals (CI), log2 fold-change values and PLS-DA VIP scores.

Metabolite	Basal vs. post-seizure state
	FDR	AUC	90% CI	Log 2 Fold-Change	VIP score
Isovaleric acid	0.000005	0.846	0.733–0.926	2.12	1.91
Pyroglutamic acid	0.000005	0.842	0.741–0.930	1.08	3.08
2-Oxoisocaproic acid	0.000038	0.811	0.683–0.918	-0.45	1.32
Hippuric acid	0.008372	0.800	0.617–0.863	0.77	1.86
3-Methyl-2-Oxovaleric acid	0.015174	0.730	0.582–0.846	0.91	1.45
Creatinine	0.026862	0.715	0.595–0.843	0.24	1.32
Threonine	0.049891	0.695	0.537–0.806	0.37	1.25