| Vertex (v) |
The highest point on the head (Top of the skull, along the midline) |
| Trichion (tr) |
Anterior hairline at the mid-line
|
| Glabella (g) |
The most prominent point between the eyebrows, above the nasal root (Junction of the frontal and nasal bones) |
| Nasion (n) |
The point where the nasal and frontal bones meet (Junction of the nasal bones and frontal bones at the root of the nose) |
| Exocanthion (ex) |
The soft tissue point located at the outer commissure of eye fissure |
| Endocanthion (en) |
The soft tissue point located at the inner commissure of eye fissure |
| Palpebralesuperius (ps) |
The highest point in the midportion of the free margin of each upper eyelid |
| Palpebraleinferius (pi) |
The lowest point in the midportion of the free the margin of each lower eyelid |
| Orbitale (or) |
The lowest point of the orbital margin (Lowest point of the eye socket’s bony rim) |
| Superaurle (sa) |
The highest point of the free margin of the auricle |
| Subaurale (SBA) |
The lowest point on the free margin of the ear lobe |
| Subnasale (sn) |
The point where the base of the nasal septum meets the upper lip (Junction of the columella and the upper lip) |
| Sellion (se) |
The deepest point of the saddle-like depression at the root of the nose (Between the nasal bones and frontal process of the maxilla) |
| Pronasale (prn) |
The most protruding point of the nose tip (Anterior-most point of the nasal tip) |
| Alare (al) |
The most lateral point of the nasal aperture (Lateral edges of the nostrils) |
| Labiale inferius (li) |
The most anterior point on the vermilion border of the lower lip (Midpoint of the lower lip’s red border) |
| Labiale superius (ls) |
The most anterior point on the vermilion border of the upper lip (Midpoint of the upper lip’s red border) |
| Cheilion (ch) |
The point located at the corner of the mouth, specifically where the upper and lower lips meet laterally (The angle formed by the meeting of the upper and lower lips) |
| Stomion (sto) |
The point of intersection between the upper and lower lips when the mouth is closed (Midpoint where upper and lower lips meet) |
| Gnathion (gn) |
The lowest point on the mandibular symphysis (Lowest midpoint of the chin) |
| Gonion (go) |
TThe most lateral and posterior point of the mandibular angle (Outer corner of the jawline where the jaw turns upward) |
| Pogonion (pg) |
The most anterior point on the chin (Most forward point of the mandibular symphysis) |
| Tragion (t) |
The most superior point of the tragus of the ear (Top of the carti-laginous projection in front of the ear canal) |
