Table 3.
Opportunities for Improvement Codebook
| Code | Full Name | Description | Code | Full Name | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BLK | BLanK | Nothing written in - no response to assigned question | BSC | BedSide Copy was desired | Participant wanted pdf or other portable version of the materials to be able to carry to the bedside for clinical use |
| NIN | No Improvement Needed | Indicated that no improvements were identifiable for the session | ENH | Exercise or activity Not Helpful | A specific activity, practice, or game was not seen as supporting learning and worth the time |
| UND | UNDecipherable | Comments could not be interpreted from written form, or responded as “not sure” | PRB | Pre-Readings/ videos were Burdensome | An excess of pre-class requirements was not helpful. Not enough time to prepare. Too many places to find required items |
| SUS | Poor Teaching/ Scaffolding not sufficient | Instructors did not create effective learning environments or were lacking in some way | ANH | Aids were Not Helpful | Something about mnemonics, graphics, or recordings/videos was not conducive to better understanding of the skill |
| WPC | Wrong Place in Curriculum | Participant indicated that this session would have been more meaningful either earlier or later in the curriculum | Collapsed into ANH, see note above. | Videos were Not Helpful | For whatever reason, the content of the videos was identified as least helpful to learning |
| NEF | Not Enough Feedback | Wanted more opportunity to get feedback of own understanding and skills | NEV | Not Enough Videos | Session could have been improved by additional similar videos |
| DNH | Discussion Not Helpful | Discussion of one or more topics was seen as not contributing to effective learning | SNH | Simulation Not Helpful | Did not find the simulation experience or debriefing helpful, including needing more structure |
| NET | Not Enough Time to think | Wanted more time to understand what was being presented | FPP | Faster Pace Preferred | Session had too much repetition or could have moved faster |
| STD | Steps Too Dense | Too much being taught at one time. More complexity than could be managed as learner | SUB | SUrveys were Burdensome | Reported that the surveys were the least helpful for learning |
| NEP | Not Enough Practice | More time practicing skills was desired to gain competency and to meet objectives | CCN | Clarify Course Navigation | Confusing or forgotten instructions |
Notes: Third year students on internal medicine rotation, Nov. 2017 - June 2018. Boston University Medical Center, Massachusetts, USA. Codes were developed using a constant comparison methodology, with the final codebook based on consensus discussions.aaSome responses contributed to more than one code (primary and secondary) and codes contributed to more than one theme. However, each response was counted only once toward the primary code and only once toward the primary theme. See Results section for details.