Text box 1. Contributions to the literature
• The manuscript analyzes the prevalence of comorbidity and its variations among diverse Indian population groups by examining gender roles, economic status, and living arrangements, which are crucial in later life stages.
• Gender biases in favour of males diminish as economic status and living arrangements influence comorbidity risks, highlighting the importance of other factors in later-life comorbidity patterns in India.
• The research delves into intersectional dynamics, crucial for pinpointing vulnerable groups and shaping tailored health policies, targeted interventions, enhanced care facilities, and robust familial support for India’s aging population, addressing gaps in chronic disease management evidence.