Fig. 1.

Metformin combined with berberine intervention ameliorates high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity phenotype and insulin resistance in mice. (a) Schematic diagram illustrating the experimental procedure and grouping scheme; (b) Weekly food intake curves of mice in each group; (c) Longitudinal changes in body weight over 12 weeks of treatment; (d) Area under the curve (AUC) of body weight for each group; (e) Liver weight in each group; (f) Liver-to-body weight ratio (liver weight/body weight); (g) Visceral fat weight; (h) GLU; (i) INS; (j) HOMA-IR. Data are presented as mean ± SEM (n = 6). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001.