Table 2f. Abortion diagnosis in Belgium (reporting partner: Sciensano-DGZ).
| Pathogen / Test | Bacteriology | Serology | PCR | Other | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Culture | MZN | ||||
| Coxiella burnetii | P; F
(SR 1 ) |
S (ELISA – C 2 , SR 2 ) | P; F (C 2 , SR 1 ) | ||
| Anaplasma phagocytophilum * | P; F (C 2 ) | ||||
| Brucella spp. | P; F (C
1
, SR
1
if MZN is positive) |
P; F
(SR 1 ) |
S (SAW, MAT, ELISA
– C 1 , SR 1 ) |
||
| Campylobacter spp. | F (C 2 , SR 1 ) | ||||
|
Chlamydia abortus, Chlamydia
spp. |
P; F
(SR 1 ) |
S (ELISA
C. abortus
- SR 1 ) |
Chlamydia spp.: P; F (C
2
,
SR 1 if MZN-positive) |
||
| Leptospira sp. * | S ( L. Hardjo ELISA - C 2 ) | P; F (C 2 ) | |||
| Ureaplasma sp. * | U. diversum: F (C 2 ) | ||||
|
Other bacteria (e.g.
Salmonella sp ., Listeria sp., Yersinia sp., Trueperella sp., Bacillus sp.) |
F (C 2 , SR 1 ) | ||||
| Neospora caninum | S (ELISA – C
1
, SR
2
);
F-blotting paper (ELISA – C 2 , SR 2 ) |
F; P (C 2 ) | histopathology on F (heart
and brain) – C 2 |
||
| Toxoplasma gondii | F; P (SR 1 ) | ||||
| Bluetongue virus * | S (C 2 , SR 2 ) | F – C 2 , SR 2 | |||
| Bovine herpesvirus (BHV-4) * | F (C 2 ) | ||||
| Pestivirus (BD / BVD) | F (ear notch) antigen ELISA
– C 1 ; S (if F tests positive) antigen ELISA – C 1 |
||||
| Schmallenberg virus * | S (C 2 , SR 2 ) | F-C 2 SR 2 | |||
F, fetus; P, placenta; S, maternal serum. MZN, Modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain of smears. ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; MAT, microscopic agglutination test; SAW; Slow Agglutination of Wright.
* Pathogens not included in the standard abortion protocol.
1 indicates that testing is part of the basic “Abortion Protocol” funded by FASFC; 2 additional tests for abortion diagnosis offered by DGZ and/or ARSIA and subject to a fee. The conditions applied to each animal species are as follows: cattle (C), sheep, and goats (SR).
Other tests performed within the basic protocol funded by FASFC are necropsy of the fetus (cattle, sheep and goats) and general mycological examination of the fetus in sheep and goats. Other additional tests offered by DGZ and/or ARSIA and subject to a fee include histology, minerals, and vitamins (Se, I, Vit A, Vit E) on maternal sera, fetus (when suspected of Se or I deficiency), immunoglobulins, IgM, and serum amyloid A (SAA) in fetal thoracic fluid.
If the fetus or afterbirth cannot be recovered, a dry vaginal swab is collected from the dam.