Table 3.
Predictive performance of stress hyperglycemia ratio ≥1.18 (SHR+) and hemoglobin to red blood cell distribution width ratio ≤0.76 (HB/RDW+) in predicting the studied outcomes (n=345)
| Performance | HB/RDW+ | SHR+ | SHR+ & HB/RDW+ |
|---|---|---|---|
| In-hospital mortality | |||
| AuROC | 0.74 (0.68 – 0.80) | 0.78 (0.72 –0.84) | 0.78 (0.73 – 0.83) |
| Sensitivity | 76.9 (64.8 – 86.5) | 70.8 (58.2 – 81.4) | 84.6 (73.5 – 92.4) |
| Specificity | 71.1 (65.4 – 76.3) | 85.4 (80.7 – 89.3) | 71.8 (66.1 – 77.0) |
| Positive predictive value | 38.2 (29.8 – 47.1) | 52.9 (41.9 – 63.7) | 41.0 (32.6 – 49.9) |
| Negative predictive value | 93.0 (88.7 – 96.0) | 92.6 (88.7 – 95.5) | 95.3 (91.5 – 97.8) |
| Positive likelihood ratio | 2.66 (2.12 – 3.34) | 4.83 (3.50 – 6.68) | 3.00 (2.42 – 3.71) |
| Negative likelihood ratio | 0.32 (0.21 – 0.51) | 0.34 (0.23 – 0.50) | 0.21 (0.12 – 0.38) |
| Accuracy | 72.2 (67.1 – 76.8) | 82.6 (78.2 – 86.5) | 74.2 (69.2 – 78.7) |
| Poor functional outcome at hospital discharge (mRS≥3) | |||
| AuROC | 0.66 (0.61 – 0.71) | 0.68 (0.63 – 0.73) | 0.68 (0.63 – 0.73) |
| Sensitivity | 62.4 (55.6 – 69.0) | 63.4 (56.5 – 69.9) | 63.8 (57.0 – 70.3) |
| Specificity | 68.9 (60.3 – 76.7) | 72.7 (64.3 – 80.1) | 72.0 (63.5 – 79.4) |
| Positive predictive value | 76.4 (69.4 – 82.5) | 78.9 (72.1 – 84.8) | 78.6 (71.7 – 84.5) |
| Negative predictive value | 53.2 (45.4 – 60.9) | 55.2 (47.5 – 62.7) | 55.2 (47.5 – 62.8) |
| Positive likelihood ratio | 2.01 (1.53 – 2.65) | 2.32 (1.73 – 3.13) | 2.38 (1.70 – 3.05) |
| Negative likelihood ratio | 0.54 (0.44 – 0.67) | 0.50 (0.41 – 0.62) | 0.50 (0.41 – 0.62) |
| Accuracy | 64.9 (59.6 – 70.0) | 70.0 (61.7 – 71.9) | 70.0 (61.7 – 71.9) |
| Early neurological deterioration | |||
| AuROC | 0.63 (0.56 – 0.70) | 0.66 (0.59 – 0.73) | 0.66 (0.59 – 0.73) |
| Sensitivity | 60.3 (46.6 – 73.0) | 58.6 (44.9 – 71.4) | 58.6 (44.9 – 71.4) |
| Specificity | 66.2 (60.4 – 71.7) | 73.5 (68.0 – 78.5) | 73.5 (68.0 – 78.5) |
| Positive predictive value | 26.5 (19.2 – 34.9) | 30.9 (22.4 – 40.4) | 30.9 (22.4 – 40.4) |
| Negative predictive value | 89.2 (84.2 – 93.0) | 89.8 (85.2 – 93.3) | 89.8 (85.2 – 93.3) |
| Positive likelihood ratio | 1.79 (1.37 – 2.33) | 2.21 (1.66 – 2.96) | 2.21 (1.66 – 2.96) |
| Negative likelihood ratio | 0.60 (0.43 – 0.83) | 0.56 (0.41 – 0.77) | 0.56 (0.41 – 0.77) |
| Accuracy | 65.2 (59.9 – 70.2) | 71.0 (65.9 – 75.7) | 71.0 (65.9 – 75.7) |
| 3-month mortality | |||
| AuROC | 0.62 (0.56 – 0.68) | 0.78 (0.73 – 0.83) | 0.79 (0.74 – 0.84) |
| Sensitivity | 43.9 (33.0 – 55.3) | 74.4 (63.6 – 83.4) | 78.0 (67.5 – 86.4) |
| Specificity | 79.8 (74.5 – 84.5) | 81.7 (76.5 – 86.2) | 79.8 (74.5 – 84.5) |
| Positive predictive value | 40.4 (30.2 – 51.4) | 56.0 (41.6 – 65.5) | 54.7 (45.2 – 63.9) |
| Negative predictive value | 82.0 (76.8 – 86.5) | 91.1 (86.7 – 94.4) | 92.1 (87.8 – 95.3) |
| Positive likelihood ratio | 2.18 (1.55 – 3.07) | 4.08 (3.06 – 5.42) | 3.87 (2.97 – 5.06) |
| Negative likelihood ratio | 0.70 (0.58 – 0.86) | 0.31 (0.22 – 0.46) | 0.27 (0.18 – 0.42) |
| Accuracy | 71.3 (66.2 – 76.0) | 80.0 (75.4 – 84.1) | 79.4 (74.8 – 83.6) |
| 3-month poor functional outcome (mRS ≥3) | |||
| AuROC | 0.70 (0.65 – 0.75) | 0.74 (0.69 – 0.78) | 0.74 (0.69 – 0.78) |
| Sensitivity | 75.2 (67.2 – 82.1) | 70.2 (61.9 – 77.6) | 67.4 (59.0 – 75.0) |
| Specificity | 64.7 (57.7 – 71.3) | 77.0 (70.6 – 82.6) | 79.9 (73.7 – 85.2) |
| Positive predictive value | 59.6 (52.0 – 66.8) | 67.8 (59.6 – 75.3) | 69.9 (61.4 – 77.4) |
| Negative predictive value | 79.0 (72.1 – 84.9) | 78.9 (72.6 – 84.3) | 78.0 (71.8 – 83.4) |
| Positive likelihood ratio | 2.13 (1.73 -2.62) | 3.05 (2.32 – 4.00) | 3.35 (2.49 – 4.51) |
| Negative likelihood ratio | 0.38 (0.28 – 0.52) | 0.39 (0.30 – 0.50) | 0.41 (0.32 – 0.52) |
| Accuracy | 69.0 (63.8 – 73.8) | 74.2 (69.2 – 78.7) | 74.7 (69.9 – 79.3) |
| 3-month excellent functional (mRS 0-1) | |||
| AuROC | 0.66 (0.61 – 0.71) | 0.71 (0.66 – 0.75) | 0.71 (0.66 – 0.75) |
| Sensitivity | 67.9 (60.2 – 74.9) | 67.9 (60.2 – 74.9) | 67.3 (59.5 – 74.4) |
| Specificity | 64.4 (57.0 – 74.1) | 73.3 (66.2 – 79.6) | 74.4 (67.4 – 80.6) |
| Positive predictive value | 63.6 (56.1 – 70.7) | 70.0 (62.3 – 77.0) | 70.7 (62.9 – 77.7) |
| Negative predictive value | 68.6 (61.1 – 75.5) | 71.4 (64.3 – 77.7) | 71.3 (64.2 – 77.6) |
| Positive likelihood ratio | 1.91 (1.53 – 2.39) | 2.55 (1.95 – 3.31) | 2.63 (2.01 – 3.45) |
| Negative likelihood ratio | 0.50 (0.39 – 0.64) | 0.44 (0.35 – 0.56) | 0.44 (0.35 – 0.56) |
| Accuracy | 66.1 (60.8 – 71.1) | 70.7 (65.6 – 75.5) | 71.0 (65.9 – 75.7) |
| 3-month functional independent (mRS 0–2) | |||
| AuROC | 0.58 (0.54 – 0.63) | 0.76 (0.71 – 0.80) | 0.76 (0.71 – 0.81) |
| Sensitivity | 81.1 (75.0 – 86.3) | 84.6 (78.8 – 89.3) | 80.6 (84.4 – 85.8) |
| Specificity | 35.4 (27.6 – 43.8) | 66.7 (58.3 – 74.3) | 71.5 (63.4 – 78.7) |
| Positive predictive value | 63.7 (57.5 – 69.6) | 78.0 (71.9 – 83.3) | 79.8 (73.6 – 85.1) |
| Negative predictive value | 57.3 (46.4 – 67.7) | 75.6 (67.2 – 82.8) | 72.5 (64.4 – 79.7) |
| Positive likelihood ratio | 1.26 (1.09 – 1.44) | 2.54 (2.00 – 3.22) | 2.83 (2.17 – 3.70) |
| Negative likelihood ratio | 0.53 (0.37 – 0.77) | 0.23 (0.16 – 0.33) | 0.27 (0.20 – 0.37) |
| Accuracy | 62.0 (56.7 – 67.2) | 77.1 (72.3 – 81.4) | 76.8 (71.9 – 81.2) |
Data are presented with 95% confidence intervals. SHR ≥1.18 defined as SHR+; HB/RDW ≤0.76 defined as HB/RDW+. AuROC: area under the receiver operating characteristic curve; HB/RDW: hemoglobin-to-red blood cell distribution width ratio; mRS: modified Rankin Scale; SHR: stress hyperglycemia ratio.